dschlueter
d9512bcedc
„-z 0-05:00“ bedeutet fünf Stunden und bearbeitete bisher stillschweigend das ganze Video. vtt2txt.py (und damit extract_text.py und abschrift_korrigieren.py) nennt jetzt das Ende der Untertitel, bei Bereichen ab einer Stunde mit dem Tipp „Minute 5 ist 00:05“. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
511 lines
18 KiB
Python
Executable file
511 lines
18 KiB
Python
Executable file
#!/usr/bin/env python3
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"""Wandelt WebVTT-Untertitel (z. B. YouTube-Auto-Untertitel) in eine Rohabschrift um,
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die anschließend mit abschrift_korrigieren.py bearbeitet werden kann."""
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from pathlib import Path
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import argparse
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import glob
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import html
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import os
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import re
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import sys
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TAG = re.compile(r"<[^>]*>")
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GLOB_CHARS = re.compile(r"[*?\[]")
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CUE_TIME = re.compile(r"(?:(\d+):)??(?:(\d+):)?(\d+(?:[.,]\d+)?)")
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CUE_TIMES = re.compile(r"^\s*([\d:.,]+)\s*-->\s*([\d:.,]+)")
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USER_TIME = re.compile(r"(\d+)(?::(\d+)(?::(\d+(?:[.,]\d+)?))?)?")
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HEADER = re.compile(r"\[(\d{2,}:\d{2}:\d{2}) - (\d{2,}:\d{2}:\d{2})\]")
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SENTENCE_END = re.compile(r"[.!?…][\"'»«“”)\]]*(?=\s|$)")
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LINE_ENDS_SENTENCE = re.compile(r"[.!?…][\"'»«“”)\]]*$")
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MAX_SNAP_SECONDS = 30 # so weit darf ein Zeitraum bis zur nächsten Satzgrenze wachsen
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# Ab diesem Anteil von Blöcken, die das Ende des vorherigen wiederholen, gelten
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# die Untertitel als rollendes Fenster (YouTube-Auto-Untertitel: über 95 %)
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ROLLING_SHARE = 0.5
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TIME_EXAMPLES = "z. B. 00:05:10, 00:20 (Minute 20) oder 25 (Minute 25)"
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def parse_cue_time(text):
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"""Seconds from a VTT time: "00:03:17.500" or, without hours, "03:17.500"."""
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match = CUE_TIME.fullmatch(text.strip())
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if not match:
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raise ValueError(f"Ungültige Zeit: {text}")
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hours, minutes, seconds = match.groups()
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return int(hours or 0) * 3600 + int(minutes or 0) * 60 + float(seconds.replace(",", "."))
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def parse_user_time(text):
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"""Seconds from "00:05:10" (h:m:s), "00:20" (h:m, minute 20) or "25" (minutes)."""
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match = USER_TIME.fullmatch(text.strip())
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if not match:
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raise ValueError(f"Ungültige Zeit: {text}")
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first, minutes, seconds = match.groups()
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if minutes is None:
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return int(first) * 60
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seconds = float(seconds.replace(",", ".")) if seconds is not None else 0
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if int(minutes) >= 60 or seconds >= 60:
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raise ValueError(f"Ungültige Zeit: {text}")
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return int(first) * 3600 + int(minutes) * 60 + seconds
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def parse_ranges(text):
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"""Sorted (start, end) seconds from "00:05:00-00:06:00 00:10-00:12 00:25".
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"A" or "A-" runs to the end, "0-B" or "-B" from the beginning; None marks an
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open side.
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"""
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ranges = []
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for item in text.split():
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start, _, end = item.partition("-")
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if item == "-":
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raise ValueError(f"ungültiger Bereich „{item}“")
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try:
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span = (
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parse_user_time(start) or None if start else None,
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parse_user_time(end) if end else None,
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)
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except ValueError:
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raise ValueError(f"ungültiger Bereich „{item}“") from None
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if span == (None, None):
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raise ValueError(f"Bereich „{item}“ ist das ganze Video: -z weglassen")
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if span[1] is not None and (span[0] or 0) >= span[1]:
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raise ValueError(f"Bereich „{item}“: Start muss vor Ende liegen")
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ranges.append(span)
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if not ranges:
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raise ValueError("keine Bereiche angegeben")
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# Open start first, then by start time
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ranges.sort(key=lambda span: (span[0] is not None, span[0] or 0))
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for (_, end), (start, _) in zip(ranges, ranges[1:]):
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if end is None or start is None or start < end:
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raise ValueError("Bereiche überschneiden sich")
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return ranges
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def format_time(seconds, separator=":"):
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seconds = int(seconds)
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return separator.join(
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f"{value:02d}" for value in (seconds // 3600, seconds // 60 % 60, seconds % 60)
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)
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def format_header(start, end):
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"""Header line in front of a block of text: "[00:04:57 - 00:06:04]"."""
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return f"[{format_time(start)} - {format_time(end)}]"
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def range_name(start, end):
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if end is None:
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return f"ab_{format_time(start, '-')}"
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if start is None:
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return f"bis_{format_time(end, '-')}"
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return f"{format_time(start, '-')}_bis_{format_time(end, '-')}"
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def time_suffix(ranges):
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"""Part of a default file name: "_00-03-17_bis_00-05-25", several joined with "+"."""
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if not ranges:
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return ""
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return "_" + "+".join(range_name(start, end) for start, end in ranges)
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RANGE_FORMS = (
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"A-B (von A bis B), A (ab A bis zum Ende) oder 0-B bzw. -B (vom Anfang bis B); "
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f"Zeiten {TIME_EXAMPLES}"
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)
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def add_time_options(parser):
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parser.add_argument(
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"-z", "--zeitraeume", nargs="+", metavar="BEREICH",
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help=f"nur Untertitel in diesen Bereichen: {RANGE_FORMS}; mehrere durch "
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"Leerzeichen getrennt, z. B. -z 00:05-00:06 00:10-00:12 00:25",
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)
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parser.add_argument(
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"--exakt", action="store_true",
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help="genau an den Zeiten schneiden, statt angeschnittene Sätze vollständig "
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f"aufzunehmen (bis {MAX_SNAP_SECONDS} s über den Bereich hinaus)",
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)
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def range_argv(argv):
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"""Copy of `argv` with "-00:20" after -z written as "0-00:20".
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argparse takes a word starting with "-" for an option and would reject it;
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no option starts with "-" and a digit, so such a word can only be a range.
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"""
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result = []
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after_ranges = False
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for word in argv:
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if re.match(r"-\d", word):
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if after_ranges:
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word = f"0{word}"
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elif word.startswith("-"):
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after_ranges = word in ("-z", "--zeitraeume")
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result.append(word)
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return result
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def resolve_time_ranges(parser, args):
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"""Check -z and set args.bereiche: sorted list of (start, end), maybe empty."""
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if args.zeitraeume is None:
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args.bereiche = []
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return
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# Parts with and without quotes alike: "-z '0:05-0:06 0:25'" or "-z 0:05-0:06 0:25"
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try:
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args.bereiche = parse_ranges(" ".join(args.zeitraeume))
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except ValueError as error:
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parser.error(f"-z/--zeitraeume: {error} ({RANGE_FORMS})")
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def read_cues(vtt):
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"""Yield (start, end in seconds, non-empty tag-free text lines) of each cue."""
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cue = None
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start = end = None
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for line in vtt.splitlines():
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if "-->" in line:
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if cue is not None:
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yield start, end, cue
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match = CUE_TIMES.match(line)
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try:
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start, end = map(parse_cue_time, match.groups()) if match else (None, None)
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except ValueError:
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start = end = None
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cue = []
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continue
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# Only a truly empty line ends a cue; YouTube puts lines with a single
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# space inside cues, followed by more text
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if not line:
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if cue is not None:
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yield start, end, cue
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cue = None
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continue
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# Header, NOTE/STYLE blocks and cue identifiers
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if cue is None:
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continue
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text = " ".join(html.unescape(TAG.sub("", line)).split())
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if text:
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cue.append(text)
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if cue is not None:
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yield start, end, cue
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def overlap(previous, cue):
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"""Length of the longest end of `previous` that starts `cue`."""
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for size in range(min(len(previous), len(cue)), 0, -1):
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if previous[-size:] == cue[:size]:
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return size
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return 0
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def in_range(time, start, end):
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if time is None:
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return False
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return (start is None or time >= start) and (end is None or time < end)
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def is_rolling(cues):
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"""True if most cues repeat the end of the previous one (rolling window)."""
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pairs = list(zip(cues, cues[1:]))
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overlapping = sum(1 for previous, cue in pairs if overlap(previous, cue))
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return bool(pairs) and overlapping >= ROLLING_SHARE * len(pairs)
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def timed_lines(vtt):
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"""Return (cue start, cue end, line) for the new caption lines of a VTT document.
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Auto captions show a rolling window: each cue repeats the end of the previous
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cue before adding new text. Only the lines after that overlap are new, so a
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line the speaker really says twice in a row is kept. Captions without a
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rolling window (e.g. written by hand) are taken as they are, so identical
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cues in a row stay separate.
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"""
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# Empty cues (YouTube transitions) say nothing about the window
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cues = [(start, end, cue) for start, end, cue in read_cues(vtt) if cue]
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rolling = is_rolling([cue for _, _, cue in cues])
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lines = []
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previous = []
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for start, end, cue in cues:
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new = cue[overlap(previous, cue):] if rolling else cue
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lines.extend((start, end, line) for line in new)
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previous = cue
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return lines
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# Positions in the caption text are (line index, character offset); an end
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# position is exclusive.
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def sentence_start(timed, first, start):
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"""Position where the sentence cut by `start` begins, line `first` if none is cut."""
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if start is None or first == 0 or LINE_ENDS_SENTENCE.search(timed[first - 1][2]):
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return first, 0
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for index in range(first - 1, -1, -1):
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time, _, line = timed[index]
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if time is None or time < start - MAX_SNAP_SECONDS:
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return first, 0
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ends = list(SENTENCE_END.finditer(line))
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if ends:
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rest = line[ends[-1].end():]
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if not rest.strip():
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return index + 1, 0
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return index, len(line) - len(rest.lstrip())
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# Reached the first caption: the speech starts there
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return 0, 0
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def sentence_end(timed, last, end):
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"""Position after the sentence cut by `end`, after line `last` if none is cut."""
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if end is None or LINE_ENDS_SENTENCE.search(timed[last][2]):
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return last + 1, 0
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for index in range(last + 1, len(timed)):
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time, _, line = timed[index]
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if time is None or time >= end + MAX_SNAP_SECONDS:
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return last + 1, 0
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match = SENTENCE_END.search(line)
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if match:
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if match.end() == len(line):
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return index + 1, 0
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return index, match.end()
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# Reached the last caption: the speech ends there
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return len(timed), 0
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def excerpt_bounds(timed, start, end, exact=False):
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"""(begin, end) positions of a time range, None without captions in it.
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Unless `exact`, the range grows to whole sentences; without a sentence end
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within MAX_SNAP_SECONDS that side is cut exactly.
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"""
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inside = [i for i, (time, _, _) in enumerate(timed) if in_range(time, start, end)]
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if not inside:
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return None
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first, last = inside[0], inside[-1]
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if exact:
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return (first, 0), (last + 1, 0)
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return sentence_start(timed, first, start), sentence_end(timed, last, end)
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def lines_between(timed, begin, end):
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(first, begin_offset), (last, end_offset) = begin, end
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lines = []
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for index in range(first, min(last + 1, len(timed))):
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line = timed[index][2]
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part = line[begin_offset if index == first else 0:end_offset if index == last else None]
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if part.strip():
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lines.append(part.strip())
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return lines
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def range_label(start, end):
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left = "Anfang" if start is None else format_time(start)
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right = "Ende" if end is None else format_time(end)
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return f"{left} – {right}"
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def end_hint(start, end, captions_end):
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"""Note for a range reaching past the last caption, else ""; two numbers
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are hours:minutes, so "05:00" for minute 5 is a likely slip."""
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if captions_end is None:
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return ""
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past_end = (end is not None and end > captions_end) or (
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start is not None and start >= captions_end
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)
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if not past_end:
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return ""
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hint = f" (die Untertitel enden bei {format_time(captions_end)}"
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if max(start or 0, end or 0) >= 3600 > captions_end:
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hint += "; zwei Zahlen wie 05:00 sind Stunden:Minuten, Minute 5 ist 00:05"
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return hint + ")"
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def excerpts(timed, ranges, exact=False):
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"""Return (start, end in seconds, lines) of the text block of each time range.
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Blocks that overlap after growing to whole sentences are merged; ranges
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without captions are skipped with a note, ranges reaching past the last
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caption get one.
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"""
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captions_end = max((end for _, end, _ in timed if end is not None), default=None)
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bounds = []
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for start, end in ranges:
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found = excerpt_bounds(timed, start, end, exact)
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hint = end_hint(start, end, captions_end)
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if found is None:
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print(f"Hinweis: keine Untertitel im Bereich {range_label(start, end)}{hint}")
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continue
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if hint:
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print(
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f"Hinweis: Bereich {range_label(start, end)} reicht über das Ende "
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f"der Untertitel hinaus{hint}"
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)
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if bounds and found[0] < bounds[-1][1]:
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bounds[-1] = (bounds[-1][0], max(bounds[-1][1], found[1]))
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else:
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bounds.append(found)
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blocks = []
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for begin, end in bounds:
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last = end[0] if end[1] else end[0] - 1
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blocks.append((timed[begin[0]][0], timed[last][1], lines_between(timed, begin, end)))
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return blocks
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def join_segments(segments, header_gap="\n"):
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"""Text of (header or None, body) blocks, separated by blank lines."""
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return "\n\n".join(
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body if header is None else f"{header}{header_gap}{body}" for header, body in segments
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)
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def split_segments(text):
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"""Split text at header lines into [(header or None, body)]; see join_segments."""
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segments = []
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header, body = None, []
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def close():
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if header is not None or "".join(body).strip():
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segments.append((header, "\n".join(body).strip()))
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for line in text.splitlines():
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if HEADER.fullmatch(line.strip()):
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close()
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header, body = line.strip(), []
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else:
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body.append(line)
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close()
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return segments
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def vtt_to_lines(vtt):
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"""Return the caption text lines of a VTT document without rolling duplicates."""
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return [line for _, _, line in timed_lines(vtt)]
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def vtt_to_text(vtt, ranges=(), exact=False):
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"""Caption text of a VTT document; empty if there is none.
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With time ranges (seconds) one block per range under a header with its
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actual times, completed to whole sentences unless `exact`. The rolling
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window is followed through all cues, so a line repeated from before a
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range does not slip in.
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"""
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timed = timed_lines(vtt)
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if not ranges:
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return "\n".join(line for _, _, line in timed)
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return join_segments(
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(format_header(start, end), "\n".join(lines))
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for start, end, lines in excerpts(timed, ranges, exact)
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)
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def convert(source, target, ranges=(), exact=False):
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"""Convert one file; return an error message or None on success."""
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try:
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vtt = source.read_text(encoding="utf-8-sig")
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except UnicodeDecodeError:
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return f"Keine UTF-8-Datei: {source}"
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text = vtt_to_text(vtt, ranges, exact)
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if not text:
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where = " im gewählten Zeitraum" if ranges else ""
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return f"Keine Untertitel{where} gefunden: {source}"
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target.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
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target.write_text(text + "\n", encoding="utf-8")
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print(f"Erstellt: {target} ({len(text.splitlines())} Zeilen)")
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return None
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def expand_inputs(patterns):
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"""Resolve glob patterns (for shells that do not, e.g. on Windows).
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Returns the files in order without duplicates, or the first pattern
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without match.
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"""
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sources = []
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for pattern in patterns:
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if GLOB_CHARS.search(pattern):
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matches = sorted(glob.glob(pattern))
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if not matches:
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return None, pattern
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else:
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matches = [pattern]
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for match in matches:
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path = Path(match)
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if path not in sources:
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sources.append(path)
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return sources, None
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def parse_args():
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parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
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description="Wandelt VTT-Untertitel in eine Textdatei für abschrift_korrigieren.py um."
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)
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parser.add_argument(
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"-i", "--input", required=True, nargs="+",
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help="VTT-Datei(en) oder Muster, z. B. \"ramstein.de*.vtt\"",
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)
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parser.add_argument(
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"-o", "--output",
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help="Ausgabedatei (nur bei einer Eingabedatei) oder Verzeichnis "
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"(vorhanden oder mit / am Ende); Standard: <Eingabe ohne Endung>.txt, "
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"mit -z zusätzlich die Bereiche im Namen",
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)
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add_time_options(parser)
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args = parser.parse_args(range_argv(sys.argv[1:]))
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resolve_time_ranges(parser, args)
|
||
suffix = time_suffix(args.bereiche)
|
||
|
||
sources, unmatched = expand_inputs(args.input)
|
||
if unmatched is not None:
|
||
parser.error(f"Keine Datei passt zu: {unmatched}")
|
||
for source in sources:
|
||
if not source.is_file():
|
||
parser.error(f"Eingabedatei nicht gefunden: {source}")
|
||
if source.suffix.lower() != ".vtt":
|
||
parser.error(f"Keine VTT-Datei: {source}")
|
||
|
||
output = args.output
|
||
to_dir = output is not None and (
|
||
output.endswith(("/", os.sep)) or Path(output).is_dir()
|
||
)
|
||
if output is not None and not to_dir and len(sources) > 1:
|
||
parser.error("Bei mehreren Eingabedateien muss -o/--output ein Verzeichnis sein.")
|
||
|
||
args.jobs = []
|
||
for source in sources:
|
||
name = f"{source.stem}{suffix}.txt"
|
||
if output is None:
|
||
target = source.with_name(name)
|
||
elif to_dir:
|
||
target = Path(output) / name
|
||
else:
|
||
target = Path(output)
|
||
if target.resolve() == source.resolve():
|
||
parser.error("Ausgabedatei darf nicht die Eingabedatei sein.")
|
||
if any(target.resolve() == other.resolve() for _, other in args.jobs):
|
||
parser.error(f"Mehrere Eingabedateien ergeben dieselbe Ausgabedatei: {target}")
|
||
args.jobs.append((source, target))
|
||
return args
|
||
|
||
|
||
def main():
|
||
args = parse_args()
|
||
failed = 0
|
||
# Keep going on errors so one bad file does not stop a batch
|
||
for source, target in args.jobs:
|
||
error = convert(source, target, args.bereiche, args.exakt)
|
||
if error:
|
||
print(f"FEHLER: {error}", file=sys.stderr)
|
||
failed += 1
|
||
if failed:
|
||
sys.exit(1)
|
||
|
||
|
||
if __name__ == "__main__":
|
||
main()
|